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Joined: 19 Nov 2011
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 Posted: Sun Nov 20, 2011 2:25 pm Post subject: Appendix A: Methodological and Technical Note |
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Current Population Survey (CPS) Design
The CPS is a representative sample survey of all households in the United States. The
survey is conducted in approximately 56,000 dwelling units in 754 primary sampling units.
Dwelling units are in-sample for 4 successive monthly interviews, out-of-sample for the next 8
months, and then returned to the sample for the following 4 months. The sample frame is a
complete list of dwelling-unit addresses at the time of the Census updated by demolitions and
new construction and field listings. The population, referred to as the civilian, noninstitutionalized population, excludes members of the armed forces, inmates of correctional
institutions, and patients in long-term medical or custodial facilities. For details on the CPS
methodology, see U.S. Census Bureau, Technical Paper 63 Revised: Current Population Survey
– Design and Methodology, TP63RV. Washington, DC, 2002.
A member of each household who is at least 15 years old serves as the informant for that
household, supplying data for each member of the household. As a result of this data collection
method, data regarding computer and Internet use by children and adolescents were not collected
directly from the users in most cases, but from another member of the user’s household. Because
a household’s informant may not have full information regarding computer and Internet use by
other members of the household (especially when that use occurs at school), this method is a
potential source of error in the data.
The CPS includes questions about computer and Internet use only in periodic special
supplements on computer and Internet use. In October 2003, supplementary questions regarding
computer and Internet use were asked about eligible household members 3 years old and older.
Most interviews were conducted by phone using computer-assisted telephone interviewing.
Standard Errors and the Accuracy and Precision of Estimates
The estimates in this report are derived from samples and are subject to two broad classes
of error—sampling and nonsampling error. Sampling errors can occur when the data are
collected from a sample of a population rather than from the entire population. To the extent that
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the sample differs from the population it is supposed to represent, estimates based on a sample
can differ from the values that would have been obtained from a universe survey using the same
instruments, instructions, and procedures. Nonsampling errors come from a variety of sources
and affect all types of surveys, universe as well as sample surveys. Examples of sources of
nonsampling error include item wording, data processing error, and reporting error by
respondents. In the CPS computer and Internet use supplement, reporting error may occur when
household respondents are not fully informed about the computer and Internet use activities of
other members of their households. Nonsampling errors may be greater or less than sampling
error, but unlike sampling error, the effects of nonsampling error cannot be predicted by
statistical theory. As much as possible, procedures are built into surveys in order to minimize
nonsampling errors. These may include cognitive tests of survey item wording, designed to
ensure that questions will be easily understood by respondents, and quality-control procedures
during data editing, designed to catch data processing errors.
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